Abstract: During the period of the Greek Civil War (1947–1949), the Communist Party of Greece (The Hellenic Communist Party/ΚΚΕ) attempted to exercise power on a part of the Greek State territory that it held, by operating state institutions, including schools. The lack of teachers in the area which was occupied by the Guerilla Communist Army (also known as the Democratic Army) led the representatives of the Communist Leaders in Peloponnese, to set up a communist Teachers Training College aiming to rapidly train teachers in order to staff schools. The institution operated under extremely difficult conditions during June–December of 1948. Its educational activities were inspired by the views of the Greek Communists on education and were based on the fundamental principles of the Marxist pedagogy. Their objective was to form a new type of Teacher who would become a preacher of Marxist ideas and would live up to the ideal society that the Communist Party imagined.

Key words: Marxist pedagogy, communist party, teachers training college