Abstract: In the present thesis we investigated the ideas of 120 sixth grade students from four primary schools of Ioannina region as well as their knowledge on greenhouse effect mechanism, on the causes, on the consequences and mainly on the actions taken against climate change.

Overall, it is observed that there is a lack of knowledge about the greenhouse effect mechanism and the greenhouse gases. In addition, many children’s misconceptions were highlighted. These misconceptions correspond mainly to the following:

The alternative perception which confuses the phenomenon of the greenhouse effect with the depletion of the ozone layer in the stratosphere and everything else connected with it just like spray use and skin cancer.

The children’s tendency for generalizations, according to which every environmental activity, just like the protection of the rare species and giving up smoking contributes positively to the confrontation of all of the environmental problems.

Their weakness to spot “the hidden energy”.