Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: Risk Evaluation and Advice in Undergraduate Students in Ashrafieh, Lebanon

2. American University of Science & Technology, Lebanon)

Abstract: Background: Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) is a chronic lifestyle disease. It has become evident that T2DM finds its presence even among the younger age groups. In Lebanon, Type 2 diabetes (T2D) has a major public health impact through high disease prevalence, significant downstream pathophysiologic effects, and enormous financial liabilities. Purpose: The aim of this study was to find the risk of T2DM among undergraduate students from Ashrafieh city by using validated Diabetes Risk Score Questionnaire (DRSQ). This study also offered T2DM education and awareness to respondents. Materials and Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted by using the validated questionnaire. Out of total 100 students approached, 79 students accepted to participate in the study. Respondents were interviewed and scored using DRSQ on the basis of four parameters: Age, abdominal obesity, physical activity and family history of diabetes. Results: Out of 79 students screened by the Diabetes Risk Score Questionnaire, 39 (49%) were males and 40 (51%) were females. In description, 23 (29%) respondents were not doing any exercise, and only 40 (51%) respondents were without abdominal obesity. 8 (10%), 35 (44%) and 36 (46%) of the respondents were found to be in high, moderate and low diabetes risk groups respectively. Implications: According to the International Diabetes Federation, the projected prevalence of T2DM among adults in Lebanon for year 2020 is 20.4%. Our study revealed that only 46% respondents were in the low risk category. Thus, it is essential to enhance awareness among the youth regarding T2DM, and also obesity and physical activity as most of the respondents were found to lead a sedentary lifestyle. Therefore, as per study plan at the end of the questionnaire, a booklet on “Diabetes prevention advice” was provided to all the respondents.